ASSESSING GWADAR PORT’S STRATEGIC VALUE: BRI’S ECONOMIC GAINS VS. REGIONAL GEOPOLITICAL RISKS

Abstract

Gwadar Port, an integral component of the China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), is strategically situated to transform regional trade and energy security dynamics. This paper explores Gwadar’s geo-economic importance within the framework of China’s Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), scrutinizing its potential to diminish China’s reliance on the Strait of Malacca, bolster Pakistan’s economy, and connect Central Asia to global trade networks. Through a comparative analysis with Iran’s Chabahar Port, this study assesses infrastructure investments, trade efficiency, and geopolitical challenges. The findings indicate that, while Gwadar presents considerable economic advantages, its success is contingent upon mitigating security risks, ensuring financial sustainability, and addressing local socio-economic disparities. The paper concludes with policy recommendations for both Pakistan and China to enhance Gwadar’s long-term viability.

Keywords: Gwadar Port, Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), China-Pakistan Economic Corridor (CPEC), Chabahar Port, Geo-Economics, Energy Security