PIOGLITAZONE'S PHOTOSTABILITY AND DEGRADATION DYNAMICS

Abstract

This research aims to explore the Pioglitazone which belongs to the thiazolidinedione-class drugs demonstrates broad usage in type 2 diabetes mellitus treatment through enhancement of insulin sensitivity. The pharmaceutical properties of Pioglitazone suffer major deterioration because of its high sensitivity to UV light exposure. This research examined pioglitazone hydrochloride photostability dynamics using different pH solutions (1.0–12.0) along with UV treatment. The degradation processes were monitored at 269 nm with spectrophotometry and analyzed for photodegradation products through HPLC. Laboratory data confirmed that pioglitazone degrades following first-order kinetics yet it shows peak stability when kept at pH 8.0 yet experiences maximum decay at pH 12.0. An additional testing phase in simulated gastrointestinal solutions confirmed stability of the drug substance under gastric acid but the drug substance experienced substantial degradation in alkaline solutions. Protective polymer matrices shield pharmaceutical materials from photodegradation effects while antioxidant addition of ascorbic acid further strengthens this protective scheme. The data confirms why proper pharmaceutical storage practices must include packaging solutions combined with pH management systems for protecting drug potency. Photostability testing remains vital for pharmaceutical development because the findings point toward future research opportunities which should focus on enhancing pioglitazone's stability by examining nanoparticle encapsulation alongside stabilizing agents.

Keywords: Pioglitazone, photostability, degradation kinetics, UV irridation, pharmaceutical stability